ATX12VO (12V Only) Desktop Power Supply
Design Guide
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System Power Telemetry Feature
When ATX12VO was designed one pin was reserved in the main 10 pin connector for a Telemetry feature. This Telemetry feature is the ability of the power supply to report the percentage of rated power being used by the system. The system components can then react when the power supply rated power limit is reached or exceeded. This is reported as a percentage because power supplies come in many different power ratings and there is no way for the power supply to tell the system its rated power limit. The percentage method allows for a consistent method of telemetry between all ATX12VO power supplies and the system.
The electrical details are explained further in Section 4.3.7.